Cartridge ballistics

.22 Long Rifle ballistics chart

The .22 LR trajectory: drop, drift and retained velocity for a 40-grain standard-velocity load zeroed at 50 yards.

Overview

The .22 Long Rifle is the most widely produced cartridge in the world and the default choice for small-bore target shooting, plinking and small-game hunting. A heavy, slow, low-BC bullet leaving the muzzle around 1,050-1,100 fps means the trajectory is steep: useful drop starts almost immediately and the round is transonic within the first 100 yards.

Because velocity is low and consistency between lots matters enormously, serious rimfire shooters chronograph and lot-test their ammunition, then build a range card in fine increments. Even light crosswinds move a .22 bullet a surprising amount at 100 yards and beyond.

Typical uses: Small-bore competition, rimfire steel and NRL22-style matches, training, plinking and small-game hunting.

Sample load

The trajectory below is calculated for this representative factory load in a standard ICAO atmosphere. Your rifle will differ — enter your own chronographed velocity and verified BC in the calculator for numbers you can dial.

Bullet
40 gr lead round nose (standard velocity)
Muzzle velocity
1,080 fps
Ballistic coefficient
0.125 (G1)
Zero
50 yd

Open this load in the calculator

.22 Long Rifle trajectory table

Zeroed at 50 yd. Drop is bullet path relative to line of sight; elevation is the come-up to dial. Wind column is a 10 mph full-value crosswind. Italic rows are subsonic.
Range (yd) Velocity (fps) Energy (ft⋅lb) Drop (in) Elevation (MIL) Elevation (MOA) Wind 10 mph (MIL)
251,027940.3-0.3-1.10.4
50984860.00.00.00.8
7594880-2.51.03.21.1
10091574-7.52.17.11.4
12588670-15.03.411.41.8
15085966-25.34.816.12.1
17583562-38.56.221.02.4
20081158-54.97.826.22.7
22578955-74.59.431.63.0
25076852-97.711.137.33.3

This load passes below the speed of sound at roughly 25 yards in standard conditions. Trajectory predictions become unreliable through and past the transonic zone.

Learn more

New to reading a table like this? These guides explain the numbers: